CpG-island
Human Genome¸¦ º¸¸é ´Ù¼öÀÇ CG dinucleotide°¡ º¸ÀδÙ. ÀÌ°ÍÀ» CG pair¿Í ±¸ºÐÇϱâ À§ÇØ CpG¶ó°í ºÎ¸¥´Ù. C (Cytosine)´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î methylationµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
methyl-C´Â T·Î º¯È¯µÉ È®·üÀÌ ³ô±â ¶§¹®¿¡, CpG´Â Genome¿¡¼ C¿Í GÀÇ µ¶¸³¹ß»ý ºóµµº¸´Ù, º¸±â µå¹°¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, promoterÁÖº¯À̳ª, ¸¹Àº geneµéÀÇ start region¿¡¼´Â methylation process°¡ supppressµÇ¾î¾ß Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸¹Àº CpGµéÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̵é regionÀ» CpgIsland¶ó°í Çϸç, ÀüÇüÀûÀ¸·Î ¸î¹é¿¡¼ ¸îõ base±æÀ̸¦ ÀÌ·é´Ù.
CpG island´Â geneÀÇ »óºÎ 2/3ºÎºÐ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÏ´Â 5'-CG-3'°¡ dzºÎÇÑ 1-2kbÀÇ ±ä DNA sequence(C¹×ÀÇ P´Â C°¡ 5'P¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æ)·Î methylationÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â Æ÷À¯µ¿¹°ÀÇ housekeeping transcription regulatory region(promotor, regulatory DNA µî)ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. CpG island chromatinÀº hyperacetylated histoneÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÏ°í linker histoneÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù.
¸¹Àº °æ¿ì ¼¼Æ÷´Â differentiateµÇ±â Àü¿¡ 1¹ø ÀÌ»óÀÇ DNA º¹Á¦¸¦ °ÅÄ¡°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¿Ö³Ä¸é ºÐȸ¦ ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ DNA methylation patternÀ» ¼öÁ¤Çϴ°ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
DNA methylationÀº eukaryote¿¡¼ cyrosine ring¿¡ C5¿¡ methyl groupÀ» ºÎ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
DNA methylationÀº DNA replicationÇÒ ¶§ ÀϾÙ.
mouse¿¡¼ X-chromosome°ú genomic imprintingÀ» inactivationÇϴµ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çϸç tissue-specific gene expression¿¡µµ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù.
CpG island°¡ methylationµÇ¸é transcriptionÀÌ ¾ÈµÇ¾î silentÇØÁø´Ù.
¸¹Àº cancerȯÀÚÀÇ tumor suppressor gene, DNA repair gene, genes for hormone receptors, angiogenesis¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â geneµî cancer-related geneÀÌ hypermethylatedµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.
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