1. Explain stationary phase and mobile phase as examples with adsorption, gas liquid, and ion exchange chromatographies.
2. Explain reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
3. An enzyme is known to require Ca2+ for activity. If the Ca2+ is removed, the protein is irreversibly denatured. When you tried both ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography, the enzyme lost activity. Explain why this happen and suggest what modifications could you make to impove the situation.
4. Explain practical theory of SDS-PAGE with disc gelelectrophoresis.
5. Explain difference and basic principles of zonal and isopycnic density gradient ultracentrifugations.