ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°Çп¡¼ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿ø¸®·Î¼ DNA(DeoxyriboNucleic Acid) ¡æ mRNA(RiboNucleic Acid) ¡æ Protein(´Ü¹éÁú)¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÇÙ¾ÈÀÇ chromosome DNAÀÇ À¯ÀüÀû ¾ÏÈ£(genetic code)°¡ RNApolymerase(RNA ÁßÇÕÈ¿¼Ò)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ transcription(Àü»ç)µÇ¾î mRNA(¸Þ½ÅÀú RNA)°¡ µÇ°í,
ÀÌ mRNA°¡ ÇÙ ¹ÛÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Í ribosome(¶óÀ̺¸Á»)°ú °áÇÕÇÏ¿© mRNA codon(ÄÚµ·)¿¡ µû¶ó amino acid(¾Æ¹Ì³ë»ê)¸¦ ¿¬°áÇÑ amino acid seqence¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ¿© »ýü³» Èû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ dÀÌ amino acid sequence°¡ ±× ¸ð¾çÀ» °®Ãß°Ô µÇ¾î ±â´ÉÀ» °¡Áø protein(´Ü¹éÁú)ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
* Transcription(˟ȍ)
cell(¼¼Æ÷)ÀÇ Nucleous(ÇÙ)¿¡¼ protein(´Ü¹éÁú)À» ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸(genetic information)¸¦ º¸À¯ÇÑ DNAÀÇ amino acid sequence(¿°±â¼¿)¸¦ template(ÁÖÇü)·Î ÇÑ mRNA¸¦ synthesis(ÇÕ¼º)ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. T ´ë½Å¿¡ U°¡ µé¾î°¡°í deoxyribose ringÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ribose ringÀ» °¡Áø strand¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
* Translation(´Ü¹éÁú¹ø¿ª)
synthesed(ÇÕ¼ºµÈ) mRNA(messenger RNA)´Â °ð cytoplasm(¼¼Æ÷Áú)·Î ³ª¿À°Ô µÇ¸ç, ribosome¿¡¼ mRNAÀÇ codon(base 3°³°¡ 1°³ÀÇ ¾Æ¹Ì³ë»êÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °Í)¿¡ µû¶ó 20 Á¾·ùÀÇ amino acid°ú ¿¬°áµÈ °¢°¢ÀÇ anticodon sequence¸¦ °¡Áø tRNA¿Í °áÇÕÇÏ¿© amino acid(¾Æ¹Ì³ë»ê)À» ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ProteinÀ» Çü¼ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
À̸¦ translation(¹ø¿ª)À̶ó ÇÏ¸ç °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î DNA ³» À¯ÀüÁ¤º¸ÀÇ Æ¯¼º¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸¥ protein(´Ü¹éÁú)À» ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ translation(¹ø¿ª)ÀÇ °úÁ¤Àº initiation(°³½Ã), elongation(½ÅÀå), termination(Á¾°á)ÀÇ ´Ü°è·Î ±¸ºÐÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
* Replication(º¹Á¦)
ÀÚ±â¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» º¹Á¦¶ó ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
DNA³ª RNA µîÀ» ¶È°°ÀÌ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» DNA replication, RNA replicationÀ̶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¸ðµç »ý¹°Ã¼´Â °ÅÀÇ ÀÌ Central DogmaÀÇ ¼ø¼¸¦ µû¸¨´Ï´Ù.
°£È¤ ´Ù¸¥ pathway¸¦ °¡Áö´Â »ý¸íüµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ÀÌ°Ô ±âº»ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
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